Tum
Tum, miejsce 1. Stronghold. Kwadratowy SW. nr inw. Nr 1664/2010, wykop 77C, warstwa 7.
Chronologia: X/XI w. – początek XII w.
Elementy osobnika w wieku co najmniej 3,5 roku o wysokości w kłębie wynoszącej 140,3 cm.
Literatura: Grygiel i Stasiak 2014; Makowieckiego 2014b.
Anatomical element |
NISP |
Descriptions and biometrical data |
Skull |
1 |
preserved occiput and baso-sphenoid bone |
Thoracic vertebrae |
3 |
++ |
Tibia |
1 |
right, ++, extensive loss–the effect of dog biting; GL = 356; SD = 40.5; Bd = 72.3; WH = 140.4 cm |
Tarsal bones |
2 |
right |
Calcaneus |
1 |
right; GL = 112.8; GB = 51 |
Talus |
1 |
right |
Third metatarsal bone |
1 |
right; GL = 268; Bp = 48.8; SD = 31.1; Bd = 48.1; WH = 140.2 cm |
Proximal phalanx post. |
1 |
right; GL = 83.1; Bp = 52.2; SD = 33.4; Bd = 45.3; WH = 131.6 cm |
Middle phalanx post. |
1 |
right; GL = 49.5; Bp = 49.2; SD = 41.1; Bd = 45.5 |
Distal phalanx post. |
1 |
right |
Tum, stan. 1, Grodzisko. Kwadratowy SW. nr inw. Nr 1004/2009, wykop 53B, warstwa 2.
Chronologia: połowa XIII w. – połowa XIV w.
Elementy kończyny lewej i prawej osoby powyżej 3,5 roku życia o wysokości w kłębie 129,4 cm.
Literatura: Grygiel i Stasiak 2014; Makowieckiego 2014b.
Anatomical element |
NISP |
Descriptions and biometrical data |
Femur |
1 |
right, 10 fragments, almost completely preserved, o+ |
Tibia |
1 |
right, ++, 123; longitudinal cracks on the diaphysis |
Third metatarsal bone |
1 |
right, o+, 23; Bd = 51 |
Second metatarsal bone |
1 |
left |
Third metatarsal bone |
1 |
left, +o; Bp = 48.5 |
Third metatarsal bone |
1 |
left, ++; 123; GL = 247.7; SD = 30; Bd = 48.1; WH = 129.4 cm |
Third metatarsal bone |
1 |
right, 23; Bd = 48.5 |
Fourth metatarsal bone |
1 |
left |
Proximal phalanx post. |
1 |
left; GL = 80.3; Bp = 52.4; SD = 32.3; Bd = 46.6 |
Proximal phalanx post. |
1 |
right; Bd = 41.5 |
Tum, stan. 1, grodzisko. Kwadrat NE. nr inw. Nr 973/2010, wykop 61D, 64A, warstwa 9-10.
Chronologia: połowa XIII w. – połowa XIV w.
Elementy kończyny prawej i lewej osobnika powyżej 3,5 roku życia, wysokość w kłębie 135,8 cm.
Literatura: Grygiel i Stasiak 2014; Makowieckiego 2014b.
Anatomical element |
NISP |
Descriptions and biometrical data |
Humerus |
1 |
left, traces of dog gnawing on the head, ++, GLC = 265.7; SD = 33.4; Bd = 82.2 |
Humerus |
1 |
right, almost the entire diaphysis and distal diaphysis preserved, Bd = 82.3 |
Radius |
1 |
right, preserved fragment of the proximal diaphysis |
Radius |
1 |
left, whole; GL = 329.4; Bp = 83.9; SD = 38.1; Bd = 75; WH = 135.8 cm |
Ulna |
2 |
left and right; gnawing marks on the ulnar processes of both bones |
Third metacarpal bone |
1 |
right, distal diaphysis and distal diaphysis; Bd = 51.3 |
Middle phalanx ant. |
1 |
right; GL = 49; Bp = 54.3; SD = 45.7; Bd = 49 |
Distal phalanx ant. |
1 |
Right |
Tum, stan. 1, Grodzisko,. Kwadrat NE. nr inw. Nr 2168/2010, wykop 79B, warstwa 7-8.
Chronologia: połowa XIII–połowa XIV w.
Elementy kończyny dorosłego osobnika.
Literatura: Makowiecki 2014b; Grygiel i Stasiak 2014.
Anatomical element |
NISP |
Descriptions and biometrical data |
Radius |
1 |
left; Bd = 75.8 |
Radial carpal bone |
1 |
Left |
Central carpal bone |
1 |
Left |
Third carpal bone |
1 |
Left |
Accessory carpal bone |
1 |
Left |
Third metacarpal bone |
1 |
left; Bp = 50.4 |
Fourth metacarpal bone |
1 |
Left |
Tum, miejsce 1., Grodzisko („holm”). Cecha 1146 (Rysunek 24).
Chronologia: X/XI w. – początek XII w.; 14C: 1018-1155 AD (965 ±25 BP; Poz-51406, (wg Stasiak & Trojan 2014), prawdopodobieństwo 68,20%: 1024AD (28,6%) 1046AD; 1092AD (32,4%) 1120AD; 1140AD (7,2%) 1147AD ; prawdopodobieństwo 95,40%: 1018AD (34,6%) 1059, 170AD (60,8%) 1154AD.
Elementy szkieletu samicy w wieku 7-8 lat, wysokość w kłębie 128 cm.
Literatura: Makowiecki 2014b; Grygiel i Stasiak 2014.
Anatomical element |
NISP |
Descriptions and biometrical data |
Skull |
1 |
P2 left worn, damaged facial and incisal parts, visible defects of the maxillary bones from the buccal side and tooth crowns, visible dark colouration on the teeth and maxillary bone on both buccal sides |
Skull |
1 |
a fragment of the right temporal bone – around the articular surface for connection with the mandible |
Hyoid bone |
1 |
|
Mandible |
1 |
left, visible traces of fire; on P2, traces of abrasion of the front part of the tooth – bit effect, mandible more damaged on the buccal side, female 7-8 years old; L: P-M = 170,8 |
Mandible |
1 |
right, part of the angle with the articular process |
Mandible |
1 |
left, fragment of the angle |
Atlas |
1 |
preserved whole |
Axis |
1 |
preserved whole, +/+- |
Cervical vertebrae |
1 |
III; +/-, preserved whole |
Cervical vertebrae |
4 |
IV-VII; preserved whole, head fused with the body, fossa in the process of fusion |
Thoracic vertebrae |
12 |
preserved whole; +-; cavities on some spinous processes; head fused, fossa in the process of fusion |
Thoracic vertebrae |
2 |
|
Thoracic vertebrae |
3 |
distal section, +/+-, preserved whole, in anatomical order |
Thoracic vertebrae |
1 |
fragment of the dorsal arch with the spinous process |
Thoracic vertebrae |
1 |
o- |
Lumbar vertebrae |
6 |
preserved whole; +-; on the caudal articular processes of the second vertebra visible osteophytes, especially on the left process |
Lumbar vertebrae |
1 |
o- |
Lumbar vertebrae |
2 |
transverse processes |
Sacrum |
1 |
|
Ribs |
97 |
small fragments of entire ribs that were damaged during exploration |
Pelvis |
1 |
left, preserved whole, visible only discolouration on the ilium–cranial part |
Pelvis |
1 |
right, preserved whole, good condition, no signs of weathering, slight exploration losses |
Pelvis |
1 |
left, fragment of the ischial bone |
Femur |
1 |
right, visible traces of fusion with the diaphysis at the proximal epiphysis, distal epiphysis completely fused; on both condyles and blocks of the distal epiphysis, black traces of fire, especially on the medial condyle, the whole bone is in good condition, no traces of weathering, only dark discolouration (from ash?) |
Femur |
1 |
left, visible traces of fusion with the diaphysis at the proximal epiphysis, distal epiphysis completely fused; on both condyles and blocks of the distal epiphysis black traces of fire–more than on the right bone; some of the discolourations are white and grey, the whole bone is in good condition, no traces of weathering, visible only intense dark discolouration on the cranial-lateral side (from ash?) |
Tibia |
1 |
right, almost the entire proximal epiphysis and the caudal part of the diaphysis, the cranial part with extensive loss due to being in fire, black |
Tibia |
1 |
left, almost the entire proximal epiphysis and the caudal part of the diaphysis, the cranial part with extensive loss due to being in fire, black |
∑ |
146 |
|
Tum, site 1, Góra Św. Małgorzaty. Skeletal deposit of horse (level 30cm), knoll near the stronghold; Feature 1146 (drawing by R. Grygiel & W. Stasiak 2014).